On September 21st, the 4th Asian Color Forum, which lasted for two days, ended successfully in Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province. While interpreting the colors of life in Asia, this forum fully demonstrated the viewpoint that color is productivity and competitiveness by combining the analysis of fashion elements of colors in the world. The trend of Asian color fashion in 2008/09 was also formally confirmed during this period.

　　　　Zhang Huaixi, Vice Chairman of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, announced the opening of the forum. Cheng Donghong, Secretary of the Secretariat of China Association for Science and Technology, Xu Kunyuan, Vice Chairman of China Textile Industry Association, Sun Ruizhe, Vice Chairman of China Textile Industry Association, Chi Zongjun, President of China Textile Newspaper, relevant leaders of Wuxi City, and color experts and scholars from South Korea and Japan attended the opening ceremony.

　　　　In his speech, Xu Kunyuan pointed out that the application of color science is of positive significance for realizing the transformation of the industry from "Made in China" to "Created in China" and from "World Processing Factory" to "Fashion Birthplace". The success of this forum will bring the latest fashion trends in the world to Asia and China, thus promoting the further development of China’s fashion industry.

　　　　Liang Yong, executive vice president of China Fashion Color Association, said that the Asian Color Forum aims to build a larger international exchange platform for Asian enterprises, so that enterprises can exchange with each other in a broader scope, learn from each other’s strong points and fully grasp the value of color science.

　　　　At the main forum of this Asian Color Forum, Qiu Jiayu, the design director of China Lenovo Group, and Guan Che, the authority of Japanese fashion industry, gave speeches on topics such as color making new competitiveness and clothing color trends, and shared their understanding of color economy with the participants. At the color wealth forum held later, color and design experts of well-known brands such as Sony, Lenovo, Samsung, LG and Haier discussed that color is productivity with industrial color and innovative design as the breakthrough point. Color is the theme of competitiveness. Representatives of well-known domestic clothing enterprises such as Metersbonwe Bang Wei, bindwood, Aimer and Gage had extensive exchanges with color experts.

　　　　At the Asian Fashion Color Trend Seminar, Asian Home Color Trend Seminar and Asian Cosmetic Color Trend Seminar held during this forum, the trend research institutions of China, Japan and South Korea and representatives from well-known enterprises at home and abroad jointly determined the Asian color trend in 2008/09.

　　　　On the occasion of the Asian Color Forum, China Fashion Color Association knitted fabric color research and development base and China textile fashion color application demonstration base also officially settled in Wuxi Natural Textile Industry Co., Ltd. and Jiangsu Xiake Environmental Protection Color Spinning Co., Ltd.

Editor: Tian Shijia

    On November 26th, the 21st Guangzhou International Automobile Exhibition (hereinafter referred to as "Guangzhou Auto Show") came to a successful conclusion. The ten-day exhibition attracted a total of 847,000 visitors. During the auto show, 67 press conferences were held, and 12,000 media personnel from nearly 5,000 media organizations at home and abroad participated in the coverage of the exhibition, reaching a record high. With the participation of domestic and foreign enterprises and the strong support from all walks of life, this Guangzhou Auto Show has been a complete success.

   New energy vehicles lead the transformation of automobile industry.

    At present, China’s automobile industry is in a critical period of high-quality development. New energy vehicles are an important path for China to move from a big automobile country to a strong automobile country. Since 2015, China’s production and sales of new energy vehicles have ranked first in the world for eight consecutive years and become one of the important forces in the transformation and development of the world automobile industry. At this year’s Guangzhou Auto Show, 1,132 cars were exhibited, including 469 new energy vehicles, accounting for more than 40%. There are 350 brand new energy exhibition cars in China, accounting for more than 70% of all new energy exhibition cars. China’s first-Mover advantage in new energy is changing from sales advantage to technical advantage, and gradually leads the new direction of the world’s new energy automobile industry reform.

   Intelligent technology leads the new era of automobile intelligent driving

    With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and Internet of Things technology, intelligent driving technology of automobiles has also ushered in a period of rapid development. At this year’s Guangzhou Auto Show, exhibitors competed to showcase the latest scientific and technological achievements and launched an all-round competition on smart car products. From super hybrid to silicon carbide high-performance motor, from front and rear dual motors to four-wheel independent drive, from super fast charging to extremely fast power exchange, from laser radar to visual perception, from automatic parking to intelligent driving, from emotion recognition to AI assistant, from car-level semiconductor to high-computing chip, from big data model driving to decoupling of software and hardware platforms, from full-stack self-research to ecological coordination, the world’s leading technology has gathered in Yangcheng, and the intelligent driving technology has accelerated to get on the bus, reaching an unprecedented new height.

   The annual global automobile event promotes the development of dual-cycle economy

    Since the beginning of this year, China’s economy has continued to pick up, the automobile industry has been well repaired on the supply side, and the demand side is gradually picking up. Especially since the third quarter, automobile production and sales have stabilized and rebounded and maintained a good momentum. While the domestic market is booming, China’s cars are also making great strides in going to sea. From January to October this year, China exported 3.922 million vehicles, up 59.7% year-on-year, and is making great strides towards becoming the world’s first automobile exporter. With the rapid development of China automobile market for 20 years, Guangzhou Auto Show has become one of the most important platforms for domestic and foreign mainstream automobile brands to explore and operate the China market, and it is also an important window for China brands to sail out to sea. Although the global economic growth continues to slow down this year, the major manufacturers in the automobile industry are facing new challenges. This year’s Guangzhou Auto Show is still highly concerned by all parties. Mainstream manufacturers are enthusiastic about participating in the Guangzhou Auto Show, and all domestic and foreign automobile brands have made their debut, bringing heavy models and the latest technology. They have fully participated in this Guangzhou Auto Show and assembled the most elite forces at the exhibition site.

   Update iteration of professional exhibition area mode

    With the overall transformation of automobile power source, production and operation mode and consumption and use mode, the ecology of new energy automobile industry is gradually evolving from the "chain relationship" among parts, vehicle R&D, production and marketing service enterprises to the "network ecology" involving multi-subjects in automobile, energy, transportation, information and communication. Guangzhou Auto Show meets the needs of the market and closely follows the development trend of the industry, transforming and upgrading the original "parts and supplies exhibition area", expanding the coverage of exhibits, enriching the exhibition theme, and focusing on displaying many new industrial chain supporting products. The "Automobile Supplies Theme Pavilion" has been upgraded to a "Life Museum" with "New Life" as its core, focusing on a wider automotive aftermarket, expanding themes such as RV camping, self-driving travel, consumer electronics, car modification, and cultural and creative surroundings around car life, constantly enriching the contents of exhibits, expanding the connotation of exhibition areas, and building a new mode of supporting industrial chain that is suitable for the new auto time industry.

   Concurrent meetings promote high-quality development of the industry.

    On November 16th-17th, the Guangzhou Automobile Industry Development Conference, under the guidance of Guangzhou Municipal People’s Government and Guangdong Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, and sponsored by China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Automobile Industry Branch and China Foreign Trade Center, was held in the International Convention Center of the Canton Fair. With the theme of "Implementing High-quality Development and Rebuilding the New Pattern of China Automobile", this conference attracted the participation of automobile industry leaders, experts and scholars, business representatives and investors from all over the world. Focusing on the development trend, technological innovation, market opportunities and policy environment of the automobile industry, the conference focused on the high-quality development of China’s automobile industry, and conducted in-depth discussions with global elites from the dimensions of automobile consumption, investment environment, intelligent driving and China brand building, so as to discuss the new future of industrial development. As the official forum of Guangzhou Auto Show, Guangzhou Automobile Industry Development Conference and Guangzhou Auto Show formed a positive interaction. More than 40 exhibitors and industry guests participated in the speech sharing, and nearly 100 participating media reported on the spot. International A-class auto show and national industrial congress promote each other, and constantly promote the high-quality development of China automobile industry.

   Digital innovation and upgrading of exhibition services

    This year’s Guangzhou Auto Show implements the theme of "New Technology, New Life", digitally upgrades the exhibition services by introducing new technologies, and conducts all-round intelligent management from the aspects of service reservation, ticket distribution and audience admission. In terms of exhibition preparation and withdrawal services, the Organizing Committee uses the digital service platform of the exhibition hall to open up personnel management and vehicle management systems. By opening online accounts, exhibitors can realize one-stop accreditation functions such as online booking, submission of materials, vehicle registration and WeChat payment. In terms of access control service, the upgraded real-name registration system system is connected to the national public safety real-name authentication for the first time. Besides swiping the ID card, the two-dimensional code mode is added to further improve the efficiency of admission. In terms of supporting services, the exhibition site provided intelligent self-service storage service for the general audience, and the upgraded Chinese food city and various tea breaks and light snacks provided the audience with a more comfortable and convenient visit experience.

    Seventy years of long journey, China autobots Mu Feng comb rain, wearing stars Dai Yue; In the past 21 years, Guangzhou Auto Show and the global auto industry elites have witnessed the prosperity and development of China’s auto industry. In the future, Guangzhou Auto Show will continue to adhere to the theme of "new technology, new life", keep in mind the initial mission, constantly explore and innovate, and contribute to the development of the world automobile industry. The 22nd Guangzhou International Automobile Exhibition will be held in the Canton Fair Exhibition Hall from November 15th to 24th, 2024. We are willing to work together with colleagues in the global automobile industry to write a bright new future for the automobile industry!

As mentioned in the preface, the "Dark Shadow Edition" of this test drive is based on the D300 diesel model of 2025, so there is no difference between the car body size and the general model. The length, width and height are maintained at 4,946 x 2,047 x 1,820 mm, and the wheelbase is maintained at 2,997 mm In terms of appearance, the "Dark Shadow Edition" model is painted with Santorini Black santorini black metallic paint and decorated with exclusive black appearance kit, so the water tank cover, the word Range Rover on the front edge of the hood, the decorative strips on both sides of the front bumper, etc. are all blackened and painted, while the lamp group remains the same as the standard model, equipped with slender Pixel LED headlights.

On the side of the car, the sports version of the dark shadow version implements the style of blackening the whole car, adopts the same color paint on the roof of the car body, and is equipped with the lens of CleaeSight electronic interior rearview mirror and shark fin antenna above. The car body maintains simple lines and the planning of hidden door handles, including front fender, rearview mirror and other details, and also adopts black mirror painting. It is equipped with 21-inch five 5126 satin dark gray aluminum rings and black brake calipers under its feet. The tire matching specification is 275/50 R21, and the lower edge of the car body is made of plastic scratch-proof material. In addition, the side pedal of the electric telescopic car is upgraded for limited models, and the metal texture Range Rover is engraved on the top.

Like the general Range Rover Sport Edition, the Dark Shadow Edition has a rounded and flat rear end design, with a three-dimensional tail wing on the top and a rear gear line inclined like a running grid. The LED taillight group (including dynamic direction indicator) is integrated through the trim strip, and the blackened word "Range Rover" is embedded inside. The word "Sport" symbolizing the sporty model is independent of the left taillight, and the rear bumper is integrated with plastic scratch-proof material.

Continue the simple interior of the New Year’s model, and double 13-inch screens form a technology cockpit.

Continuing the interior architecture of the 2025 model, the Range Rover Sport Shadow Edition is equipped with a 13.7-inch fully digitized HD floating dashboard, which provides brand-used double-ring, single-ring centralized, full-map, and full-driving auxiliary screen style switching. In addition to different driving mode switching, the display content also integrates driving information, driving auxiliary system, original factory navigation screen, 4x4i off-road information, etc., and the front is equipped with a fully leather-covered electric adjustment steering wheel. The overall interface is the same as that of the brand’s cars. It is matched by metal-like decorative strips and piano paint buttons. The function keys on the left provide instrument switching and voice control, while the function keys on the right are responsible for setting the driver assistance system.

PIPIPro system integrates four-zone constant temperature air conditioning and driving mode switching interface.

After the new year’s model change, the Range Rover has adopted a 13.1-inch Pivi Pro multimedia touch screen with a simple central saddle design. The "Shadow Edition" model of this test drive also integrates driving mode switching, four-zone constant temperature air conditioning (with air quality detection function), double front seat adjustment and other functions into the touch screen. In addition, the factory navigation, Apple CarPlay, Android Auto, 360-degree 3D panoramic system, 4x4i off-road information, Terrain Response 2 advanced all-terrain response, advanced ATPC all-terrain travel control and other settings are provided.

Sandalwood black car room layout, with metal aluminum decorative board.

The dark version of the Range Rover Sport Edition for this test drive adopts ebony black interior in the cab layout, with ebony black car ceiling. After the central saddle is simplified, only the electronic wire transmission gear and engine start button are reserved, and the surrounding is painted with black piano and dark chrome trim, providing wireless charging board and retractable cup holder. The empty basket structure below additionally provides USB-C power supply jack, and the rear cup holder and the door adopt exclusive metal aluminum decorative board, which forms a cool technology together with the pure black interior.

Change the grain leather double front seats, and the rear seat has an exclusive air conditioning interface setting.

In terms of seats and interior materials, the original Range Rover Sport comes standard with leather interior kit (including steering wheel), Windsor LeatherWindsor leather double front seats, and has 20-way electric adjustment/memory/heating function; Under the adjustment of equipment, the "Dark Shadow Edition" model of this test drive is replaced with Grained Leathergrain leather double front seats (with 12-way electric adjustment/memory/heating function), and the rear seat back can be adjusted electrically. Behind the central armrest, the third and fourth zone constant temperature air conditioning setting interfaces and independent air outlets are provided, and two sets of USB-C and a set of 12V power supply jacks are provided below.

The Range Rover Sport Edition comes standard with an inductive electric tailgate. According to the data released by the original factory, the rear compartment space can provide 647 liters of volume in the standard five-person riding mode, provide a retractable curtain barrier and a 6/4 seat back tilting function, and release 1,491 liters of storage volume after dumping.

Diesel power continues its excellent running precision, with a maximum horsepower of 300 horsepower.

Different from the P400 gasoline power of the last test drive, the Shadow Edition of the Range Rover Sport is equipped with the same Ingenium 3.0-liter 6-cylinder diesel turbocharged engine (with a displacement of 2,997 c.c) as the D300 model, with an 8-speed ZF manual transmission and light oil and electricity technology. The maximum output horsepower is 300 horsepower (PS) and the maximum torque is 650 Nm. According to the original factory data, it takes only 6.4 seconds to accelerate from standstill to 100 kilometers per hour, and the top speed can reach 218 kilometers.

Actually driving on the road, this 3.0-liter straight 6 diesel power unit, like other brands in the past, provides quite high operational exquisiteness during driving, effectively suppresses noise and even vibration, and maintains the level used by luxury brands; Thanks to the characteristics of diesel engine, the torque of 650 Nm can be triggered at 2,500 rpm, which provides a brisk and real-time dynamic response for Range Rover Sport.

The performance of sports is not absolute, and the dynamic response tends to be stable and comfortable.

From the driving experience and the feeling of riding in the car, the Range Rover Sport Shadow Edition is equipped with a dynamic pneumatic suspension system, which can not only meet the challenges of different driving modes and road conditions, but also meet the demands of most luxury leisure travel experiences. As a relatively "Sport" model in the car brand, the dynamic performance is not an absolute performance and a sporty presentation, but a balance between road feeling and comfort is achieved through sufficient support and a calm and neat chassis response.

The measured driving assistance system provides intuitive operation adjustment.

During the test run, when there are many traffic jams on expressways and snow tunnels, driving fatigue can be greatly reduced by using ACC active constant speed control system (including steering wheel assistance) and LKA lane maintenance assistance through the driving assistance system carried by Range Rover Sport Shadow Edition. The system operates to maintain the delicate and stable brand setting, and the driver can intuitively adjust the auxiliary system through the control interface on the steering wheel and the 13.7-inch digital instrument.

Under the condition of having almost the same level of equipment as the general version of Range Rover Sport Edition, Dark Shadow Edition provides a unique aura of exclusive kits and limited models, which is indeed quite attractive to potential consumers who agree with the brand concept and product characteristics, and becomes a choice worthy of consideration in car purchase.

1905 movie network news The daughter of a senior musician died of a rare disease in 2021 at the age of 22. After his daughter died of illness, Bao Xiaobai became bald overnight because of the pain. In order to reunite with his daughter across time and space, in 2022, he began to study for a doctoral degree and study the AI ? ? reconstruction heritage technology.

The emergence of ChatGPT has set off a global AI wave. After repeated attempts and training, Bao Xiaobai recreated the "digital daughter" as he wished. Bao Xiaobai successfully restored her daughter’s voice by using three dialogues left by her daughter before her death.

Bao Xiaobai said in an interview that a family of three sang a birthday song together on his wife’s birthday a few days ago. "AI is a tool for pinning thoughts and an expression of thoughts."　He admits that although some people may not understand his approach, it is a simple wish for him: to hear his daughter’s voice again and to preserve her perfect image and voice in the digital world.

Bao Xiaobai’s "resurrection" of his beloved daughter with AI can’t help but remind people of the movie, in which Tu Hengyu, a quantum scientist whose daughter Yaya was resurrected with "digital life", which just shows the meaning of "digital life": crossing life and death and reliving family ties.

Judging from the origin of the story and folklore, the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl is not a model of positive love story. Only under the influence of Western Valentine’s Day, many people call Tanabata the ancient Valentine’s Day in China because of the story of "Cowherd and Weaver Girl Meeting". The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has now become a well-known love legend, which has something to do with being selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools for a long time.

Special Stamp "Cowherd and Weaver Girl-Meet at the Magpie Bridge"

Ancient origin: Cowherd and Weaver Girl are all negative images.

Limited by the underdevelopment of science and technology, in the eyes of the ancients, the sky is supreme and the stars are personalized. The stars in the vast universe have also become gods with personality consciousness, worshipped and believed. Vega has always been personified as the image of "Bai Fu Mei". "Historical Records Tianguan Book": "Weaver Girl, Goddess Sun Ye." "The History of the Later Han Dynasty and the Chronicle of Heaven": "Weaver girl, the son of heaven is a true girl." The Samsung across the Milky Way from Vega is called River Drum Star. The three stars of the river drum are arranged in a straight line, and the middle one is extremely bright. The whole image is like a cowherd carrying a son and a daughter, so the people are also called the shoulder pole star, which is more like a cow. Therefore, it was later equated with Petunia, such as "Er Ya Shi Tian": "The North Pole is called Beichen, and the drum is called Petunia."

stellar map

The origin of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty. In The Book of Songs Xiaoya Dadong, it is said: "There is a Han in Wei Tian, and there is light in prison. Three of the three, Vega, seven times a day. Even though the weaver girl is busy, she doesn’t weave a good Stripe. Give him a cow, not a box. " Among them, there are records about the Weaver Girl and the Petunia Stars, which have always been regarded as the germination and embryo of the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. The images of "Weaver Girl" and "Petunia" in the poem are quite negative: Weaver Girl doesn’t weave, Petunia doesn’t drive, and emphasizes that Petunia and Weaver Girl are in name only, thus satirizing the behavior of nobles in the Western Zhou Dynasty who get something for nothing.

The further clarification of the relationship between the legend of Niu Nv and Qixi in the Han Dynasty is inevitably related to the advocacy of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in order to train the water army, Kunming Pool was dug in Doumen, Chang ‘an. On both sides of the pool, there are statues of cowherd and weaver girl, and Kunming pool is used to symbolize Tianhe. Ban Gu’s "Xidu Fu" "There are two stone people in Kunming Pool, who are like cows and weaver girls." During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the two stars were further personified, and there was an unfortunate plot of the marriage of the Weaver Girl. Nineteen Ancient Poems in the Han Dynasty wrote: "The Altair is far away, and the Jiaojiao River is a Chinese woman. ….. The river is clear and shallow. How much difference does it make? Ying Ying Yi Shui, the pulse is speechless. " By the time of Liang Wudi in the Southern Dynasties, Yin Yun wrote the first complete version of the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in the Novel, "There is a Weaver Girl in the east of Tianhe, and the son of the Emperor of Heaven is also there. Every year, the loom labors, weaving into a brocade dress, and the appearance is too messy. The emperor pitied him for being alone and promised to marry a cowherd in Hexi. After marriage, he abandoned weaving. The Emperor of Heaven was angry and ordered to return to Hedong, but it was held once a year. " The story explains the tragedy of their marriage, and the annual meeting has become a model of faithful love.

However, according to the text data of Yunmeng Qin Bamboo Slips unearthed in Hubei, the original prototype of the touching love story between Cowherd and Weaver, the daughter of Tiandi, is the marriage tragedy that Cowherd abandoned Weaver many times. "Wu Shen, Ji You, pulling the cow to take the weaver girl, failing, three abandonment." "Wu Shen, Ji You, pull the cow to take the weaver girl and fail. If you are not three years old, you will abandon it." Different from the legend of later generations, their separation was not caused by external interference, but by the man’s change of heart. People look up at the starry sky, and two bright stars twinkle on both sides of Tianhe, so they imagine that these two stars may be a couple. The husband abandoned his wife, and the wife looked at the "ungrateful person" on the other side of Tianhe affectionately. Why does the separation of Altair and Vega in the sky become a symbol of the tragedy of marriage between men and women on earth? Looking through the Book of Songs, we will find some social tragedies that reflect the change of heart of men and the abandonment of their wives in a patriarchal society, such as Ye Feng Gu Feng, which "turns an Jiang Le to a woman" and "turns an Jiang Le to a legacy"; "Wei Feng for self-protection", "the banquet of the general angle, laughing and laughing, swearing, not thinking about the opposite."

　

Folklore: It is a helpless move for the weaver girl to marry the cowherd.

The embryonic form of the myth of "Cowherd and Weaver Girl" was established in the Han Dynasty, and the myth of Cowherd and Weaver Girl was widely spread among the people through the rendering of scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the story plot and characters have been deeply rooted in people’s hearts. Since the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the family system has become more stringent, and the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has also incorporated these elements.

In quite a few versions, the combination of Cowherd and Weaver Girl is not the true love that most people know now. Cowherd was able to cross the family line and marry the "Bai Fumei" Weaver Girl, which was caused by stealing the fairy clothes under the guidance of the old cow. After marriage, Weaver Girl mostly managed to get the fairy clothes back and escape from the world. There are 18 articles in China Legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl and Folk Literature Volume edited by Chen Yongchao.

Various versions of the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl before the founding of the People’s Republic of China

Legend of China Cowherd and Weaver Girl

These stories often use words such as "had to" and "forced" when describing the marriage of the Weaver Girl to the Cowherd. For example, it is most clearly expressed in The Silly Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, which is circulated in Shijiazhuang. "The Silly Cowherd is in a hurry and says that the Weaver Girl doesn’t love the same flesh and blood, and she is absolutely heartless. Weaver girl even cursed the silly cowherd:’ You are not a thing! Who told you to take my clothes and force me to get married! You have harmed me and a pair of children, which are all your sins!’ "It can be seen that the combination of the Weaver Girl and the Cowherd is out of helplessness. It is in the case that the Weaver Girl was stolen from the fairy clothes and could not return to heaven, and the Cowherd saw the body, so she had to stay on earth and marry the Cowherd. They originally lacked the emotional foundation of mutual consent, which laid a hidden danger for the Weaver Girl to escape to the sky and their marriage broke down.

Special stamp "Cowherd and Weaver Girl-Stealing Clothes and Becoming Attached"

There is also a plot worthy of attention in many stories, that is, the plot of Niu Lang’s "hiding clothes to prevent his wife". This just proves that the weaver girl has no love for the cowherd, and she was forced to marry and have children with the cowherd-the fairy clothes were hidden. There are 20 articles in "The Legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in China Folk Literature Volume" that contain the plot of "hiding clothes to prevent wives". Cowherd’s attitude towards Weaver Girl is more than guarding against theft. He took the initiative, or listened to the old cow’s instructions, and hid the fairy clothes of Weaver Girl in a secret place to prevent her from escaping. Cowherd’s "hiding clothes to prevent his wife" comes first, which has become an important prerequisite for the weaver girl to abandon her husband and children and flee to heaven. For example, in "Meet at the Que Bridge" written by Panshi, Jilin Province, "The Cowherd carries the Weaver Girl on his back and buries her long-sleeved shirt under the stone beside the door". This precaution even lasts into the daily life after marriage. In The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in Shijiazhuang, the Cowherd "guards the Weaver Girl in the dark, always afraid that she will run back to the sky".

Stories of hiding clothes and defending wives in many versions

Judging from the existing literature, the earliest literature record about drawing a river was also drawn by Weaver Girl. Gong Mingzhi’s "Notes on the Middle Wu Dynasty" in the Song Dynasty: "Kunshan County is east, and the place name is Huanggu. From father to father, it is said that there is a weaver girl and Altair descended here. The weaver girl rowed the river with a golden grate, and the river overflowed, so the petunia could not cross it. "

Special stamp "Cowherd and Weaver Girl-Chasing Wife with a Burden"

The pursuit of free love is the theme after the transformation.

In fact, the image change of the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is the result of the continuous transformation of myths and legends by national emotions, and the elements of the times are constantly added. This has always been the case since ancient times. The version we are familiar with at present is more the result of the transformation of operas such as Tianhe Pei after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, which has established the theme of labor, love and anti-feudalism. Cowherd became the representative of working people’s image, Weaver girl became the representative of pursuing free love, and Queen Mother became the representative of feudal parents.

The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has now become a well-known love legend, which has something to do with its long-term selection in Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools.The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl was first selected as a middle school Chinese textbook in 1955, and was personally adapted from folklore by Mr. Ye Shengtao, then president of People’s Education Publishing House. The adapted legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl still retains the original story form of swan virgin, fairy ordinary man and two brothers in structure, but it has made great changes in thought. The most important change is to eliminate the negative images of Cowherd and Weaver Girl, and to highlight the persecution of young men and women by the old ethics and the old system. The story implies the persecution of lovers by feudal paternalism "parents’ orders, matchmakers’ words", and the persecution of cowherd by feudal hierarchy (the fairy is different) and patriarchal clan system (the old and the young are orderly).

These reservations and adaptations are reflected in the content. The reserved plot includes the persecution of Cowherd by his brother and sister-in-law. "My brother and sister-in-law treated him badly, told him to eat leftovers, wear rags and sleep in the cowshed at night." The plot of returning clothes is an important part of changing the nature of the story. Cowherd not only did not hide his clothes, but also refused to return them. When the Cowherd heard the Weaver Girl ask where the clothes were, he also took the initiative to return the gauze clothes to him. "When the Cowherd heard this, he came out of the Woods and held the gauze clothes in his hands and said,’ Don’t worry, girl, your clothes are here’" … After listening to the Weaver Girl’s words, the Cowherd said,’ Girl, since there is nothing good in the sky, you don’t have to go back. You can work, and I can work. Let’s get married and live together for life. " The weaver girl thought for a moment and said,’ You are right. Let’s get married and live together.’ "In this case, the Weaver Girl took the initiative to stay, belonging to two people with emotional foundation. As for this version of the Queen Mother, it is completely the image of a vicious old lady. "She went to the Cowherd’s house in person, and it happened that Cowherd was working in the field, so she grabbed the Weaver Girl and walked out. Seeing the old woman angrily pulling her mother away, the Weaver Girl boy ran to hold her clothes. The Queen Mother gave a hard push and the child fell to the ground. "

The Images of Cowherd, Weaver Girl and Queen Mother in Comic Books

Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China, most people learned and passed on the legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl by word of mouth, so the versions had different themes. Nowadays, most people know the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl through written texts, mostly based on the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl adapted by Ye Shengtao in Chinese textbooks, which is an important factor affecting people’s cognition of the legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl after the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Ye Shengtao’s adaptation could have been accepted by the public, which met the social needs of abolishing the old ethics and pursuing equality, especially the pursuit of free love after the founding of the People’s Republic of China, and also satisfied the people’s long-hidden dream of a fairy.

Today, customs such as "begging for cleverness" on Qixi, which is closely related to ancient needlework, have lost their original soil. The beautified fairy tale of the meeting between the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl is still widely circulated. These make modern people make a wrong judgment-Qixi is an ancient Valentine’s Day. In today’s Chinese Valentine’s Day, merchants take the opportunity to engage in promotion, and the media will not hesitate to report on the layout; On the other hand, matchmaking agencies took the opportunity to engage in friendship, and even local women’s organizations joined the team of friendship matchmaking for fear of being left behind. The reason for this situation is that I don’t know the original custom of Tanabata and the original story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl. The reason is probably a series of phenomena caused by contemporary commerce under the influence of Western Valentine’s Day. Have you noticed that even Christmas Eve and Christmas in the west are packaged by China businessmen as the day when men and women meet?

References:

Zhou Yuxian: Inheritance and Evolution of Cowherd and Weaver Girl Literature in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Capital Normal University, March 2009.

Li Chao: Another Probe into the Image of the Weaver Girl —— On the Negative Image of the Weaver Girl in the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl Story, Folk Culture Forum, August 2012.

Qi Lingyun: Gender Conflict and Discourse Power —— On the Evolution of the Legend of Cowherd and Weaver Girl before and after the Founding of the People’s Republic of China, Folklore Research, No.5, 2014.

General situation of language and writing in China

　　　　There are 56 ethnic groups in China, which is a multi-ethnic, multi-lingual, multi-dialect and multi-lingual country. According to The Language of China[1]Atlas of Chinese Language[2]There are more than 130 languages and about 30 languages in China.

　　　　The national common language is Mandarin and standard Chinese characters.

　　　　Chinese is the language of the Han nationality,[3]It is the most widely used language in China, one of the major languages in the world and one of the six official working languages of the United Nations.[4]In China, except for the Han nationality, which accounts for 91.51% of the total population, all ethnic minorities use Chinese to varying degrees, and some ethnic groups also switch to Chinese.[5]Modern Chinese can be divided into standard language (Mandarin) and dialect.

　　　　Putonghua takes Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation, northern dialect as the basic dialect, and typical modern vernacular writings as the grammatical norm. The Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "The state promotes Putonghua, which is commonly used throughout the country." On October 31st, 2000, the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language and Characters confirmed Putonghua as the national common language.

　　　　Chinese dialects are usually divided into seven dialects: Northern Dialect, Wu Dialect, Hunan Dialect, Gan Dialect, Hakka Dialect, Guangdong Dialect and Min Dialect. There are several power languages and many kinds of "local languages" in each dialect area. Among them, the northern dialect with the largest number of users is divided into four sub-dialects: Northern Mandarin, Northwest Mandarin, Southwest Mandarin and Xiajiang Mandarin.[6]

　　　　Among the 55 ethnic minorities in China, which account for 8.49% of the total population, most of the Hui and Manchu have switched to Chinese, and the other 53 ethnic groups have their own languages.[7]

　　　　In terms of language families, the languages spoken by 56 ethnic groups in China belong to five major language families: Sino-Tibetan, Altai, austronesian family, South Asian and Indo-European. Sino-Tibetan language family is divided into three language families: Chinese, Tibetan-Burmese, Miao-Yao and Zhuang-Dong. Belonging to the Tibeto-Burman language family are Zang, Jiarong, Menba, Cangla, Luoba, Qiang, Pumi, Dulong, Jingpo, Yi, Lisu, Hani, Lahu, Bai, Naxi, Jino, Nusu, Anong, Rouruo, Tujia, Zaiwa and Aru. Miao, Bunu, Mian, She and other languages belong to Miao-Yao language family. Zhuang, Buyi, Dai, Dong, Shui, Mulao, Maonan, Raja, Li, Gelao and other languages belong to the Zhuang and Dong language families. Altaic language family is divided into three language families: Mongolian, Turkic, Manchu-Tungusic. Mongolian languages include Mongolian, Daur, Dongxiang, Yugur, Tu and Baoan in the east. Turkic languages include Uygur, Kazak, Kirgiz, Uzbek, tatar, Salar, Yugur in the west and Tuwa. Manchu, Xibe, Hezhe, Ewenki, Oroqen and other languages belong to Manchu-Tungusic language family. Austronesian family belongs to Gaoshan languages, and Hui dialect of Hui nationality. Wa, De ‘ang, Brown, Kemu and other languages belong to the Monkhmer family of South Asian language family. Belonging to Indo-European language family are Russian belonging to Slavic language family and Tajik belonging to Iranian language family.[8]There is no consensus on the families of some languages, such as Korean and Beijing.

　　　　Chinese characters are written to record Chinese.[9]It is a common language used by the Han nationality, and some nationalities have completely used Chinese characters. At the same time, Chinese characters are the common language of all ethnic groups in China. Chinese characters were produced in the Neolithic Age before 3000 BC.[10]The Chinese characters used now are gradually evolved from ancient Chinese characters. The Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the National Common Language and Characters determines the standardized Chinese characters as the national common characters.

　　　　Since the 1950s, the state has sorted out and simplified the existing Chinese characters, and formulated and published the first batch of variant forms, simplified Chinese characters, modern Chinese common characters, modern Chinese common characters, printed common Chinese characters, and Chinese character order (stroke order) specification for GB13000.1 character set. On June 5, 2013, the Notice of the State Council on Publishing the List of Chinese Characters with General Norms (Guo Fa [2013] No.23) was issued. The List of Chinese Characters with General Norms is an important standard for Chinese characters, which implements the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Languages and Characters and meets the needs of Chinese characters application in various fields of society in the new situation. After the publication of the General Specification Chinese Character List, the use of Chinese characters in the general application field of society should be based on the General Specification Chinese Character List, and the original related word lists should be stopped.

　　　　Before the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), 21 ethnic minorities had their own scripts. After the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the government has worked out writing schemes for Zhuang, Buyi, Yi, Miao, Hani, Lisu, Naxi, Dong, Wa and Li nationalities.[11]

　　　　Judging from the writing system and letter form, Chinese characters are ideographic, syllabic and ideographic in terms of writing types, and there are ancient Indian letters, Uighur letters, Arabic letters, square letters, Latin letters and Slavic letters in terms of letter writing system.[12]

　　　　On February 11th, 1958, the Fifth Session of the First National People’s Congress passed a resolution to promulgate the Chinese Pinyin Scheme. The Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the National Common Language stipulates: "The Chinese Pinyin Scheme is used as a spelling and phonetic notation tool for the national common language. The Chinese Pinyin Scheme is a unified standard for the spelling of Roman letters in Chinese’s names, place names and Chinese documents, and is used in areas where Chinese characters are inconvenient or unusable. Primary education should be taught in Chinese Pinyin. "

　　　　The Constitution of People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that "all ethnic groups have the freedom to use and develop their own spoken and written languages". The Law on Regional National Autonomy in People’s Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that "the organs of self-government of ethnic autonomous areas guarantee the freedom of all ethnic groups to use and develop their own spoken and written languages", "the organs of self-government of ethnic autonomous areas educate and encourage cadres of all ethnic groups to learn from each other" and "educate cadres and masses of all ethnic groups to trust each other, learn from each other, help each other and respect each other’s spoken and written languages". The Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on National Common Language and Characters stipulates that "the state insists on popularizing Putonghua and promoting standardized Chinese characters" and that "the use of minority languages and characters is based on the relevant provisions of the Constitution, the Law on Regional National Autonomy and other laws". The implementation of these laws by the state plays an important role in safeguarding national unity and national unity, building a harmonious language life and promoting economic, social and cultural development.

　　　　Over the years, China has persistently promoted the national common spoken and written language. According to the sampling survey conducted by the Institute of Language and Written Application of the Ministry of Education in 2010, the national Putonghua penetration rate reached over 70%, and the proportion of literate people using standardized Chinese characters exceeded 95%.

　　　　On December 4, 2012, the Ministry of Education and state language commission jointly issued the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Reform and Development Plan for Language and Literature (2012-2020) (hereinafter referred to as the Outline). The Outline puts forward the overall goal of language and writing work: "By 2020, Putonghua will be basically popularized throughout the country, the standardization of social application of Chinese characters will be further improved, and Chinese Pinyin will play a better role. The standard of language and writing basically meets the needs of society, and the level of informatization has been further improved. The language and writing social management service capacity has been comprehensively improved, and the social management service system has been basically completed. The scientific protection of the spoken and written languages of all ethnic groups has been strengthened. The role of language and writing in inheriting and carrying forward Chinese excellent culture has been further exerted. The national language strength has been significantly enhanced, the national language ability has been significantly improved, and the social language life has developed harmoniously. " The Outline defines seven major tasks of language and writing in the new period: vigorously popularizing and popularizing the national common language and writing, promoting the standardization and informatization construction of language and writing, strengthening the supervision and inspection and service of social application of language and writing, improving the application ability of national language and writing, scientifically protecting the languages and writing of all ethnic groups, promoting and spreading the excellent Chinese culture and strengthening the legal system construction of language and writing. Six key tasks and sixteen measures were determined, including popularization, infrastructure construction, supervision service, capacity improvement, scientific protection and cultural inheritance. Put forward "innovative ideas", "innovative working mechanism", "innovative management service" andEight innovation and guarantee measures, such as opening wider to the outside world, strengthening talent guarantee, improving scientific research level, increasing publicity and ensuring fund investment. The release of the Outline is an important measure to implement the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the Sixth Plenary Session of the 17th CPC Central Committee, an important action to promote the construction of a strong socialist culture, and an important program to guide the language and writing work at present and in the future.

　　　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the national language and writing system has given full play to the unique role of language and writing in cultivating and practicing socialist core values, comprehensively improving citizens’ moral quality, enhancing cultural soft power, and enhancing national cohesion. On the basis of adhering to effective work measures such as the standardization of urban language and writing, the Putonghua proficiency test, and the nationwide promotion of Putonghua publicity week, Constantly innovating the work carriers such as Chinese classic reading, Chinese character dictation conference, China idiom conference, and the construction of Chinese language resources audio database have improved the language literacy of the broad masses of the people, strengthened the scientific protection of the languages of various ethnic groups, carried forward Chinese virtues and spread Chinese excellent culture. On June 5 -6, 2014, the China government cooperated with UNESCO to successfully hold the World Language Conference, reached the Suzhou Consensus, and put forward the concept of "language capacity building" at the UNESCO conference for the first time, which played an important role in promoting language teaching and improving language ability in various countries. After the World Language Congress, relevant departments, universities and academic groups successively held academic seminars on language ability and language development strategy, language ability and national security, social development and cultural communication, which promoted academic prosperity and the development of language and writing.

　 　 Remarks: The manuscript was reviewed by some national language advisory committees.

　　　　——————————————————————————–

　　　　[1] edited by Sun Hongkai, published by the Commercial Press in 2007.

　　　　[2] Co-edited by China Academy of Social Sciences and City University of Hong Kong, published by Commercial Press in 2012.

　　　　[3] Quoted from Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th Edition), published by the Commercial Press.

　　　　[4] Quoted from "Encyclopedia of China Language", China Encyclopedia Publishing House.

　　　　[5] Cited the data of the sixth population census, and referred to "China Ethnic Language Work", edited by Jin Xinghua and published by Ethnic Publishing House.

　　　　[6] This passage refers to Modern Chinese, edited by Huang Borong and Liao Xudong, and published by Higher Education Press.

　　　　[7] Cited the data of the sixth population census and referred to: Atlas of Chinese Language, edited by China Academy of Social Sciences and City University of Hong Kong, published by the Commercial Press in 2012; Ethnic Language Work in China, edited by Jin Xinghua, published by Ethnic Publishing House.

　　　　[8] This passage mainly refers to The Language of China, edited by Sun Hongkai and published by the Commercial Press in 2007.

　　　　[9] Quoted from Modern Chinese Dictionary (6th Edition), published by the Commercial Press.

　　　　[10] Quoted from "Encyclopedia of China Language", China Encyclopedia Publishing House.

　　　　[11] This paragraph mainly refers to "China Ethnic Language Work", edited by Jin Xinghua and published by Ethnic Publishing House.

　　　　[12] This paragraph mainly refers to the Language Survey Course edited by Dai Qingxia and the Study on the Present Situation and Evolution of Minority Languages in China.

Continue reading »

Special feature of 1905 film network If you find a keyword for this summer’s summer file, first nominate, "explore".The box office is about to exceed 2.2 billion, and Mahua FunAge has broken the conventional knowledge of science fiction movies. In the form of "science fiction+comedy", he not only combines the typical style of the team, but also breaks through the theme of science fiction.

Even the director said frankly in our interview, "All shooting is almost a new attempt for me."

Coincidentally, the film that took seven years to make was directly labeled as "China’s first sci-fi mecha cool film" in the publicity.The chief producer and starring actor lamented more than once that it was difficult to do this, and the whole team was China’s own special effects team.

For the first time, China team used the method of real-life virtual shooting at the scene to complete the vivid image of Mozart.

Many "firsts" and countless "breakthroughs" are presented on the big screen. In the eyes of the audience, it is even more advanced than the usual light and shadow magicians. But perhaps in the eyes of the special effects team, behind it is a series of coding designs, or the technical conquest again and again.

Yes, yes, this summer’s Mozart in Outer Space and Moon Man’s War of Tomorrow collectively gave the audience a "good look" with almost perfect special effects.

If "Mozart" meets "King Kong Mouse"

The cost of "Mozart" is comparable to that of a medium and small budget film. In order to truly restore kangaroos, "King Kong Mouse" produced 50 million hairs … …

It’s just that the stories behind these digital characters have long been the key words on hot search, but behind these numbers and magnitudes, there are actually more different technical stories.

What is the concept of 50 million hairs?For example, the "Red-haired Ghost" in A Writer’s Odyssey is the first digital character independently completed by the China team. It has more than 900,000 hairs, and the single frame is rendered for more than 16 hours, while the kangaroo is rendered for more than 20 hours.

Li Shuai, the visual effects director of Mozart in Outer Space, and Zhang Fan, the visual effects director of Moon Man, are both from MORE VFX. The team has previously participated in special effects masterpieces such as The Wandering Earth A Writer’s Odyssey.

The two projects are almost parallel, and it took two years before and after, but there are different motives behind the similar time.

The virtual shooting of Mozart in Outer Space is not easy. Although such films and TV works were shot in Hollywood as early as 10 years ago, it is still a blank page in China.

"For this film, we set up a live real-time moving capture shooting system that can interact with actors," Li Shuai said.

In this way, the scene can fit the emotional interaction between actors and digital characters. The previous guarantee, "to a great extent, saved the time of making Mozart in our animation link."

"Mozart" is set as a plush toy, and the team conducted a hair test for 3 or 4 months according to the designed physical product in the early stage to ensure that it made various movements in the film, which caused the hair rhythm and was a physical reaction in line with reality.

But the design of "King Kong Mouse" doesn’t stop there.Kangaroo is a real creature, and the audience is no stranger to it. "The team is completely in accordance with its real bones, muscles, fascia, cortex, and finally to the hair (details), and all layers need to be grasped."

Although 50 million hairs have been a commonplace figure in recent propaganda, there are more detailed details behind them, such as "the distribution, direction, even luster, texture, softness and hardness of these hairs".

For the static effect of a single kangaroo, the team "spent 11 months before and after" according to different postures.

Not only that, the temperament of "King Kong Mouse" has puzzled Zhang Fan’s team for a long time. "It is a realistic image, but the plot is a comedy. We can’t make it too real, and it may not be able to complete the performance. If it is mimicry, cute or fierce, it will be separated from the movie."

The team has repeatedly adjusted, and finally it is between the two. When it is found, it will sigh. If there is still time, it can be better.

In the case of real-time moving capture, the moving capture actor can give appropriate feedback according to the expression of the opponent actor quickly, but after Moon Man completes the virtual shooting, he still needs to perform the green model interactively. "The performance of people needs to be completed within the range we set."

In an interview with A Writer’s Odyssey, the director admitted that virtual shooting can complete the preview of the film and the formal post-shooting, and can make more creations based on it, such as fine-tuning the performance.

However, for an actor like Shen Teng, who has many sparks of inspiration at the scene, it may be necessary to exercise restraint. The special effects team will also put forward certain demands for the actors at the scene according to the later consideration.Of course, performing in a certain limited category also means that actors need more accurate acting skills.

Faced with this "restriction", we put forward a guess, if the shooting of king kong mice is also real-time moving capture, can we avoid this problem?

The answer is, yes.Only in the face of different projects, the creator will still find a relatively more accurate way.

When the environment is "faked"

Whether it is "Mozart" or King Kong Mouse, the difficulty of these digital characters can be seen by the naked eye. For a film, they are the focus, but also only a part.

Although Moon Man is a sci-fi comedy movie, there are many fantastic ideas, but the actual physical state of the moon should be considered as a whole. "We can refer to very few cases, even if the films have been released in the market, the number is not much. We have never encountered the effect in a vacuum environment before, for example, what is the effect of moon dust under vacuum and low gravity after the car is driven. "

Zhang Fan and his team can only simulate over and over again, and find all kinds of relevant documentary studies on science and education. "Especially the contents of the previous Apollo landing on the moon, one of which is how the moon dust was stirred up and how it fell after they landed on the moon."

However, the clarity of these materials is not high, and the team did not paint a tiger as a cat, but invested more time and energy in research, and finally let the audience experience the feeling of being immersed in the moon through the big screen.

If the moon environment is relatively realistic, then the unconstrained style in Mozart in Outer Space needs the description of the artists behind it.

Sound is invisible, but the director hopes to visualize it. "Sound propagates in waves in the air, and strong and weak will have different changes in the shape of waves. We will design from this point. For example, a bird flaps its wings, generates sound waves in the air, hits the building, and then bounces back. "

Li Shuai and the team conducted more than ten versions of the test in the early stage, and finally, the audience could see the sound of the city through ripples in every detail.

Mozart in Outer Space is not a science and education film after all, so we can’t make these details too rigid. "We let the sound enter the cochlea according to Xiaotian’s hobby of astronomy, and then through artistic processing, there is a feeling of spiral nebula, and then slowly let these sound waves unfold."

Match Hollywood’s progress

After The Wandering Earth and A Writer’s Odyssey, and after the technical exploration of these summer films, a more direct question is put before the public. Can the strength of the special effects team in China now rival Hollywood?"Technically, there is no problem," Li Shuai gave a very direct answer.

At the same time, however, more cruel problems lie ahead, such as the imperfect industrialization process and the lack of technical platform, which lead to the cycle and cost are still the key issues for special effects directors.

When the special effects team has accumulated a lot of technologies and various assets in the asset library with the advancement of one project, different projects are always faced with a new attitude.

In the early stage of shooting, Moon Man followed the virtual shooting technology of Mozart in Outer Space. "But there must be some temporary adjustments on the scene. (After the technology is used,) we can quickly achieve the desired results and upgrade at the same time."

The film has improved the animal hair skills of China’s special effects team. The team is in Moon Man. "There will be lessons, but kangaroos are short-haired, and they will definitely dig some details separately according to each project."

Every creation will grope for progress on the original basis. Even what Zhang Fan and Li Shuai are participating in, although the whole is still in the confidential stage, it can be revealed that "there are many new attempts".

    The State Council Information Office will hold a press conference in the press room of the State Council Information Office at 10 am on Tuesday, January 13th, 2015. Zheng Yuesheng, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs and director of the General Statistics Department, will introduce the import and export situation in 2014 and answer questions from reporters.

    [Zheng Yuesheng, spokesperson of the General Administration of Customs and director of the General Statistics Department]2014 is the first year of China’s comprehensive deepening reform. In the past year, the world economy was still in a period of deep adjustment after the international financial crisis, and domestic economic development entered a new normal. Under the correct leadership and unified deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, various reforms in the foreign trade field were steadily advanced, and various regions, departments and foreign trade enterprises conscientiously implemented policies and measures to promote the stable growth of foreign trade. China’s foreign trade has continued to grow steadily and its operation has remained within a reasonable range. At the same time, China’s foreign trade import and export has also made positive progress in improving quality, improving efficiency and optimizing structure.

According to customs statistics, in 2014, China’s total import and export value was 26.43 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.3% over 2013. Among them, the export was 14.39 trillion yuan, up by 4.9%; Imports were 12.04 trillion yuan, down 0.6%; The trade surplus was 2.35 trillion yuan, up 45.9%. In dollar terms, in 2014, China’s import and export, export and import increased by 3.4%, 6.1% and 0.4% respectively.

The main situation of China’s foreign trade import and export in 2014. First, the growth rate of import and export is stable and positive. In the first quarter of 2014, China’s import and export value was 5.9 trillion yuan, down 3.8%; In the second quarter, the import and export was 6.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.7%; Import and export in the third quarter was 7 trillion yuan, up by 7.1%; In the fourth quarter, imports and exports reached 7 trillion yuan, up 4%. Among them, exports decreased by 6.1% in the first quarter, increased by 3.4% and 12.7% in the second and third quarters respectively, and increased by 8.7% in the fourth quarter; In terms of imports, it decreased by 1.3% in the first quarter, remained basically the same in the second quarter, increased by 0.8% in the third quarter and decreased by 1.6% in the fourth quarter.

2. General trade grew steadily, while processing trade grew steadily. In 2014, China’s general trade import and export was 14.21 trillion yuan, up 4.2%, accounting for 53.8% of China’s total import and export value in the same period. In the same period, the import and export of processing trade was 8.65 trillion yuan, up 2.8%, accounting for 32.7%.

3. Bilateral trade with the EU and the United States grew steadily, trade with Japan and Hong Kong declined, and trade with emerging markets performed well. In 2014, the European Union, the United States, ASEAN, Hong Kong and Japan were my top five trading partners. Among them, my bilateral trade volume with the EU and the United States was 3.78 trillion yuan and 3.41 trillion yuan respectively, up by 8.9% and 5.4% respectively. The bilateral trade volume with Hong Kong and Japan was 2.31 trillion yuan and 1.92 trillion yuan respectively, down by 7.2% and 1% respectively. In the same period, China’s bilateral trade volume with ASEAN, Africa, Russia, India and other emerging markets was 2.95 trillion yuan, 1.36 trillion yuan, 585.19 billion yuan and 433.55 billion yuan, up 7.1%, 4.3%, 5.6% and 6.8% respectively.

4. The import and export of private enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises increased, while the import and export of state-owned enterprises declined slightly. In 2014, the import and export of private enterprises was 9.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 6.1%, accounting for 34.5% of China’s total import and export value in the same period. In the same period, the import and export of foreign-invested enterprises was 12.19 trillion yuan, up 2.4%, accounting for 46.1%; The import and export of state-owned enterprises was 4.59 trillion yuan, down 1.3%, accounting for 17.4%.

5. Exports of mechanical and electrical products and traditional labor-intensive products grew steadily. In 2014, the export of mechanical and electrical products in China was 8.05 trillion yuan, an increase of 2.6%, accounting for 56% of the total export value. In the same period, the export of seven categories of labor-intensive products, such as textiles, clothing, luggage, footwear, toys, furniture and plastic products, was 2.98 trillion yuan, up by 4%, accounting for 20.7%.

6. Imports of consumer goods accelerated, while imports of major commodities increased in price and fell. In 2014, China’s imports of consumer goods reached 936.27 billion yuan, up by 14.9%, which was significantly faster than the overall growth rate of China’s imports in the same period, accounting for 7.8% of China’s total imports in the same period. In the same period, the import volume of major commodities maintained growth, including 930 million tons of imported iron ore, an increase of 13.8%; Imported crude oil was 310 million tons, up by 9.5%; 71.399 million tons of soybeans, an increase of 12.7%; 14.432 million tons of steel, an increase of 2.5%; 4.825 million tons of copper, an increase of 7.4%. In addition, imported coal was 290 million tons, down by 10.9%; Imported refined oil was 29.997 million tons, down by 24.2%. In the same period, the import prices of China’s imported commodities generally fell, with the average import price of iron ore falling by 23.4%, crude oil by 6.1%, coal by 15.2%, refined oil by 4.6%, soybean by 6.8% and copper by 6.1%.

Seven, foreign trade export leading index fell for the third consecutive month. In December, China’s foreign trade export leading index was 40.1, down by 0.7 compared with November, the third consecutive month of decline, the lowest point since December 2013, indicating that China’s export growth is still facing certain pressure in the first quarter of this year.

　　If education is strong, the country will be strong, and if education is prosperous, the nation will prosper. Education is not only related to individual development and family happiness, but also to national prosperity and national rejuvenation.

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, giving priority to the development of education, from unified thinking to positive action, the whole country played a game of chess and promoted the tide of educational reform and development in China.

　　Strengthen top-level design and give priority to education.

　　In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "building an educational power is the basic project for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must give priority to education, deepen educational reform, speed up educational modernization, and run a satisfactory education for the people."

　　Education is an important way to improve people’s comprehensive quality and promote their all-round development, an important cornerstone of national rejuvenation and social progress, and a cause of decisive significance to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Education determines today and the future of mankind; Education inherits the past, creates the present and creates the future, which is an important force to promote the progress of human civilization — — These ideas have become a high consensus of the whole party and the whole country. Adhering to the strategic position of giving priority to education has a solid ideological foundation, so the direction of action is clearer and the pace of progress is more forceful.

　　The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core advocates and sets an example of the idea of giving priority to education with practical actions, so that the concept and strategy of giving priority to education are implemented. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has made a series of important expositions and issued a series of important instructions on the essence of education and its position and role in the Chinese dream journey of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, there have been more than a dozen documents and plans related to education reform at the meeting of the Central Committee for Deep Restructuring and Deep Reform chaired by General Secretary of the Supreme Leader. Rural Teacher Support Program (2015— 2020), Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Educational System and Mechanism, Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World-class Universities and First-class Subjects, Several Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education Integration, Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Teachers’ Team Construction in the New Era, Opinions on Standardizing the Development of Off-campus Training Institutions and Opinions on Deepening the Reform and Standardized Development of Preschool Education, etc., have carried out pragmatic and accurate top-level design, pointing to the difficulties of reform and having far-reaching influence.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, all localities have been actively promoting the reform and development of education, giving priority to investment in construction, introducing talents, solving difficulties and publicizing typical cases, and putting education in a strategic position of giving priority to development.

　　A century-long plan, education-oriented. Strengthening the Party’s leadership over education, the Central Deep Reform Group and the Committee for Deep Reform made many decisions on major issues of education reform and development, which further enhanced the status of education, strengthened coordination and effectively promoted the reform and development of education.

　　Policy guarantee investment, "4%" is a milestone.

　　Continuous investment in education is a basic and strategic investment to support the long-term development of the country, and it is increasingly becoming an important indicator to evaluate whether a country or a region gives priority to the development of education.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party and the state have attached great importance to education. Attach importance to education and be input-based. In 2012, China’s fiscal education expenditure accounted for more than 4% of GDP for the first time, exceeding 2 trillion yuan, and remained above 4% for six consecutive years. In 2017, the national fiscal education expenditure reached 3.42 trillion yuan.

　　In recent years, the party and the state have been steadily increasing investment in education. Last year, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of National Education" issued by the State Council further clarified that the proportion of national fiscal education expenditure to GDP should generally not be less than 4%, that the fiscal general public budget education expenditure should only increase year by year, and that the average general public budget education expenditure should only increase year by year.

　　The development of education depends on both the city and the countryside. The party and the government are concerned about the healthy growth of rural students. Since 2011, the central government has allocated a total of 159.1 billion yuan to implement the nutrition improvement plan for rural students in 1631 counties in 29 provinces, covering all key poverty alleviation and development counties in the country and benefiting more than 37 million students.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has accelerated the construction of educational informatization and successfully completed the project of "Full Coverage of Digital Education Resources in Teaching Points". At present, the internet access rate of primary and secondary schools in China has increased from 25% to 94%, and the proportion of multimedia classrooms has increased from less than 40% to 87%.

　　Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, all localities strive to give priority to education development in economic and social development planning, give priority to financial funds to ensure education investment, give priority to public resources to meet the needs of education and human resources development, and support sound and rapid economic and social development with priority development of education.

　　The support of real money and silver is widely praised by all walks of life. According to international empirical data, when the proportion of fiscal education funds to GDP reaches about 4%, the proportion of fiscal revenue to GDP is generally 30%— 40%。 China reached 4% when the fiscal revenue accounted for less than 30% of GDP, which strongly shows that the party and the government attach unprecedented importance to education.

　　Grasp the key tasks and implement the priority development of education.

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China described the grand blueprint of "basically realizing socialist modernization" by 2035 and "building a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized, harmonious and beautiful socialist modernization power" by the middle of this century.

　　For the development and progress of the whole society, education plays a leading, overall and basic role. Building an educational power is the basic project for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only with the rise of education can there be the development of science and technology and the rise of national strength.

　　Since the reform and opening up, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, historic changes have taken place in education in China, and historic achievements have been made. The overall development level of education in China has entered the upper-middle class in the world. China’s educational opportunities are increasing. At present, the net enrollment rate of primary school-age children and the gross enrollment rate of junior high school exceed or equal to the average level of high-income countries, and the gross enrollment rate of senior high school is higher than the average level of middle-and high-income countries. In 2017, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education in China was 79.6%, an increase of 15.1 percentage points over 2012; The average educational years of the population aged 15 and above reached 9.6 years, and the average educational years of the working-age population reached 10.5 years. Higher education is rapidly moving towards the stage of popularization. In 2017, the gross enrollment rate of higher education reached 45.7%, which is higher than the average level of middle-and high-income countries.

　　To promote the reform and development of education, we should grasp the main contradictions. Being good at grasping the key points not only reflects the overall analysis and judgment of the work, but also reflects the ability to solve problems and resolve contradictions.

　　Chen Baosheng, Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Education, said: to grasp the key task of giving priority to the development of education, the education front must comprehensively implement the party’s education policy, implement the fundamental task of cultivating people by virtue, and develop quality education; Adhere to the people-centered, continue to promote education equity, and fill the shortcomings of people’s livelihood; Coordinate the development of all kinds of education at all levels with the new development concept, deepen the comprehensive reform in the field of education, and accelerate the construction of a learning society.

　　One of the key points to give priority to the development of education is to build an educational governance system that adapts to the new era and realize the modernization of educational governance capacity, so as to solve the total problem caused by insufficient educational development and the structural problem caused by unbalanced educational development.

　　Education, especially higher education, is an important combination of the first productivity of science and technology and the first resource of talents. At present, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have made a major decision to speed up the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines, run universities based on China, and strive to improve the level of higher education and enhance the core competitiveness of the country. Colleges and universities have developed into an important part of the national scientific and technological innovation system, and have produced a number of landmark achievements that serve the national strategy and have international influence in manned spaceflight, supercomputers and other fields. China’s colleges and universities have moved forward greatly in the ranking of many universities in the world. According to the ranking of world universities published by QS Global Education Group, six universities in mainland China have entered the top 100, and some disciplines have reached or approached the world-class level.

　　At present, China has established educational cooperation and exchange relations with 188 countries and regions in the world, and there are more than 2,360 Chinese-foreign cooperative education institutions and projects nationwide. The international competitiveness and influence of China’s education have been significantly enhanced.

　　We are striding forward from a big education country to a strong education country, and looking to the future. We firmly believe that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, more than 1.3 billion people will enjoy a better and fairer education and gain the ability to develop themselves, contribute to society and benefit the people. Education in China will surely gather a steady stream of intellectual resources and provide strong talent support for realizing the goal of "two hundred years" and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!

　　Our reporter Dong Hongliang Zhao Yuna Zhang Shuo Ding Yashong

In this bustling international metropolis-Shanghai, there are a group of special groups living. They shuttle between high-rise buildings every day and are busy with various business activities and social occasions. They are the white-collar professionals in this city. White-collar workers in Shanghai are famous for their unique professional attitudes, lifestyles and close ties with urban development.

In Shanghai, the work pressure of white-collar workers is enormous. Every morning, when the first ray of sunshine shines on the streets of this city, countless white-collar workers have embarked on the journey to work. They either take the subway and are squeezed into "sardines" in crowded carriages; Or travel by car and wait anxiously on the congested road. After entering the office, they began a busy and intense day. Faced with a mountain of documents, endless meetings and endless projects, they often need to work overtime until late at night. However, even if they are physically and mentally exhausted, they still maintain a high degree of professionalism and professionalism, and strive to complete every task.

This high-intensity work pressure makes many white-collar workers have to sacrifice their personal lives. For them, weekends are often not a time to rest and relax, but a day to deal with work, attend training courses or socialize with customers. In this state for a long time, many white-collar workers have health problems, such as insomnia, anxiety and depression. But even so, they still insist on gritting their teeth, because they know that in this highly competitive society, only by making more efforts can they get better career development opportunities.

White-collar workers in Shanghai are not just working machines. They are busy, but also have a colorful lifestyle. After work, they will invite three or five friends to the bar for a drink to release the pressure at work; Or walk into the cinema and enjoy an audio-visual feast; I will also go to the gym to sweat and keep healthy. On weekends, they will participate in various interest groups or outdoor activities, such as photography, mountaineering, cycling, etc., to enrich their spare time. These seemingly simple activities not only free them from intense work, but also provide them with opportunities to communicate and learn from others, making their lives more substantial and meaningful.

Besides work and entertainment, white-collar workers in Shanghai also attach great importance to their own growth and development. They actively participate in various training courses and industry seminars to continuously improve their professional skills and knowledge. In this era of information explosion, they understand that only by continuous learning can they keep pace with the times and not be eliminated by society. At the same time, they are also keen to read all kinds of books, from literature and art to science and technology, and extensively dabble in various fields of knowledge to enrich their connotations and horizons.

In Shanghai, a vibrant city, the lifestyle of white-collar workers is closely linked to social changes. With the development of economy and social progress, people’s material living standards are constantly improving, and the demand for spiritual culture is also growing. White-collar workers pursue not only material satisfaction, but also spiritual prosperity. They began to pay attention to social issues such as environmental protection and public welfare undertakings, and actively participated in various volunteer activities to contribute their own strength to society. This change in values reflects people’s yearning and pursuit for a better life in modern society.

In the pursuit of career success, white-collar workers in Shanghai are also facing many challenges and puzzles. How to maintain physical and mental health under high-intensity work pressure? How to balance family and personal life in busy work? These problems have been bothering them. In order to find the answer, they keep exploring and trying to find a lifestyle that suits them.

Some white-collar workers choose to slow down and return to family life. They realize that the companionship and support of family members is the cornerstone of their career success. Therefore, they will try their best to spend time with their families and spend warm time together. Some white-collar workers choose to quit their jobs and pursue their dreams. They believe that only when they do what they love can they truly realize the value of life.

White-collar workers in Shanghai have shown their perseverance and positive attitude in this international metropolis. While pursuing career success, they are constantly exploring how to balance the relationship between personal life and work. Their stories are not only about the course of personal struggle and growth, but also about the vivid portrayal of the influence of social changes on people’s values. Through their experiences, we have seen the challenges and opportunities faced by modern urbanites in the fast-paced life, and also felt their yearning and pursuit for a better life. I hope everyone who works hard in the city can find their own balance in their busy work and live a full and happy life.